9/7/2017 0 Comments Centrifugal Pump Autocad BlockHow to do Pump Piping with Layout Explained. PIPING GUIDE. To provide the layout designer guidelines for developing pump piping designs that fully consider safety, operation, maintenance and economics. Care must be exercised not to create tripping hazards with auxiliary piping. Valves however, must be located for easy access; this is particularly true for paired or spared pumps. Where manual valves cannot be operated from grade, chain operators shall be used. If chain operators are not allowed per client specifications, platform access to valves shall be considered. The coupling between the pump and its driver must be easily accessed in order to align the pump and driver. Pump seal access must also be considered. Piping must be kept clear from above the pump for horizontally split pump casings to allow maintenance. Job Interview Practice Test Why Do You Want This Job? Answer this job interview question to determine if you are prepared for a successful job interview. PE - Process & Chemical Engineering: Reference Course Title Duration Add for me; PE001: Industrial Drying, Principles, Selection and Design: 5: Add to upcoming calendar. For vertically split casings, access must be provided in front of the pumps. In cases where pumps are located in a building or other areas where overhead access is limited, monorails or rigging beams should be considered for removal of the pump and/or motor. The most common are centrifugal, reciprocating and rotary. Reciprocating and rotary pumps are positive displacement pumps. Centrifugal pumps will usually be one of three types; horizontal, vertical in- line or vertical can type. They may have electric motor or steam turbine drivers. Clarus Environmental’s Fusion Series Treatment Systems are drop-in wastewater treatment units designed for use in decentralized applications where the effluent. In many cases, the fluid pumped by rotary pumps is so viscous that block valves are not necessary. In that case, the relief valve may not be necessary. If turbine driven, there will be a gearbox between the pump and turbine. Manufacturers of Mechanical Components. ABA of America, Inc. 4004 Auburn St. Rockford, IL 61101 Phone/Fax: 800-965-5906. Pumps in flammable service shall be located outboard of overhead pipe- racks or structures. Those in non- flammable service may be located beneath the pipe- rack (subject to allowance in client specifications). Pumps shall be located as close as possible to the source of suction in order to minimize pressure drop in the system while satisfying piping flexibility requirements and nozzle load allowable. Line size and temperature should be determining factors in routing the piping. To accomplish this, the use of tees, crosses, valves, strainers, near run- size branch connections, and short radius elbows shall be avoided near the suction nozzle. Suction piping shall be designed without high points to prevent collection of vapors. Suction piping shall not be pocketed. ![]() When pump flanges are flat faced, mating flanges must also be flat faced and the joint made up using full- faced gaskets. The suction line for pumps other than API, shall have a minimum straight run length of three pipe diameters. This straight run length should be maximized, but in any case the pump manufacturers recommendations should be followed (Figure 5). Pumps in boiler feed water service operating at close to the vapor pressure of the liquid are particularly susceptible to this problem. In cases where a combination of nozzle size, nozzle location, pipe size and insulation thickness create flange to pipe/insulation interference, eccentric reducers may be used to gain the required clearance. The suction line valve shall be installed with the stem in the horizontal. This is a listing of awards, sorted by Contractor's Names in alphabetical groupings, made by the Office of Acquisition and Grants, the contracting office for the.![]() Gate valves installed in the horizontal can accumulate vapor in the bonnet cavity and cause cavitation in the pump when the trapped vapor breaks loose. Figures 4 & 5 show examples of suction strainer installation. The pump must be manifolded in such a way that accomplishes this. Figure 6 illustrates an arrangement commonly used. Suction piping shall be supported at grade below the elbow for end suction pumps. The discharge line (top discharge) shall be supported from overhead steel whenever possible to allow as much free area as possible around the pump for operation/maintenance. Figure 7 illustrates how piping may be designed for these pumps. The suction line shall have a straight run between the suction nozzle and the first elbow, tee, valve, reducer or permanent strainer as dictated by the type of pump and/or manufacturers recommendation. Multi- stage pumps are usually side suction - side discharge. These pumps require significantly more space, and present special layout considerations. The pump suction line for side suction pumps shall have a minimum straight run of three pipe diameters (for non- API pumps) or five pipe diameters (for API pumps) between the suction flange and the first elbow, tee, valve, reducer and permanent strainer. If a horizontal suction line cannot be avoided, then the straight run length should be five. Figure 8). In- line pumps are mounted in the line and supported by the piping as the name implies. A pedestal is often required for larger in- line pumps or where the load is too high for the nozzles to handle. The designer must consider access for maintenance and operation in the same way as for horizontal pumps. This allows the surface condenser to be mounted at a lower elevation. The same is true for a vessel connected to a vertical can pump. The primary concern for the designer is to provide adequate overhead clearance to remove the pump for maintenance. Here again a primary concern is to provide adequate overhead clearance to remove the pump for maintenance. The clearance requirements, between the sump walls or bottom and the pump’s inlet nozzle as well as the pump’s length must be given careful consideration during the layout phase of the project. The sump design at the pump intake shall be based on Hydraulic Institute Standards. These pumps require a pressure relief valve (PRV) to be installed between the pump and the discharge block valve. The PRV can be external, in the piping, or integral with the pump casing. These are usually furnished with the pump but take up additional space. Do not install any bend (i. For typical egress and clearance requirements, refer to Design Guide for Compressor Piping Layout (Reciprocating Compressors) 3. DG- P2. 2- 0. 00. Pipe supports must be given special consideration due to the pulsations. They deliver a constant pulsation- free flow. Piping for these pumps is very similar to that of centrifugal pumps but is usually characterized by the absence of block valves in the suction and discharge piping. If block valves are used, a pressure relief valve must be installed between the pump discharge and the block valve. The PRV discharge is usually routed back to the pump suction. Vacuum Tower Bottoms Pumps) present special problems. Since the system operates at a negative pressure and very high temperature, the pumps must be located very close to the suction source. This is often directly below the tower or immediately outside the tower support columns. Pumps located directly beneath the tower can be mounted on a special spring base as shown in Figure 9. Care must be exercised not to block access to the pump seals, bearings, seal pots, starter button stations and motor conduit connection when routing these lines. For very large pumps these may be on separate skids. If the deluge piping design is sub- contracted, the vendor’s design should be checked to ensure that safety egress, operating and maintenance access- ways are maintained. Early in the project, Plant Design should review the options with Construction and the decision documented. Options include. (i) Tack weld the flange adjacent to the pump suction and discharge nozzles to permit piping installation in accordance with the machinery flange fit- up requirements. The piping must be designed to prevent the possibility of introducing a slug of condensate into the turbine, which could destroy the turbine vanes. In cases where the throttling valve is furnished with the turbine and located on the inlet nozzle, the drip leg and steam trap shall be located immediately upstream. This allows piping at the pump to be removed for maintenance. This can be accomplished by extending the foundation as shown in Figure 1. Comprehensive Course List - Haward Technology Middle East. Haward Technology has delivered internationally- accredited courses for major oil and gas, power and process companies through its public and in- house courses while implementing a balanced fusion of theory, application and industry best practices in the delivery of its training programs. We deliver public courses in major cities in the Middle East like Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Doha, Manama and Dammam, as well as in cities in other parts of the world like London, Istanbul, Kuala Lumpur and Amsterdam to name a few. Please click these tabs to view our 2. Public Training Schedules. Training Schedule. Training Schedule. PIPING GUIDE. Piping is a major expenditure in the design and construction of industrial, refinery, petrochemical, or power- generating plants when one considers engineering costs, material costs, and fabrication and field labor costs. Proper planning and execution of the design and routing of pipe can have a major impact on controlling the total installed cost (TIC). Most good designers throughout history have learned their profession by a combination of academic and practical work. Field and design office plus a little shop experience is good preparation for designing or teaching. This topic is very broad- based and relies on a sound mechanical engineering background and a lot of common sense. The use of previous designs and drawings is a good way to learn and improve on current designs. In addition, the designer must have an understanding of the practical application of piping materials, valves, pumps, tanks, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, power boilers, vendor- supplied skid assemblies, steam turbine drivers, and other machinery and equipment. However, the piping designer should be familiar with them as they apply to his or her work. There are a few specific references to physical piping design of safety relief valve arrangements. This means that they must be fitting- bound. Three of these standards, listed below, specifically relate to the physical piping design. ES2, Method of Dimensioning Welded Assemblies. ES3, Linear Tolerances, Bending Radii, Minimum Tangents. ES7, Minimum Length and Spacing for Welded Nozzles. For piping and valve drawing symbols, refer to ANSI/ASME Y3. Graphical Symbols for Piping Fittings, Valves and Piping. It is essential that designers read and understand applicable codes and standards prior to developing fabrication piping designs. These usually include additional requirements above the codes and standards which may have direct impact on both pipe layout and equipment location. Most of these requirements derive from operations feedback which the owner contractually invokes on future projects. Owners may not have a thorough understanding of all the levels of detail required to produce a piping design, but they know the finished product. It is very important that all project personnel and designers know and understand these requirements. Computer- aided P& IDs that link the schematic diagrams to electronic design data are preferred in order to perform computerized P& ID compliance checks. The designer should understand the P& ID and the specific system characteristics. With this knowledge the designer is required to develop the P& ID and arrange connections and branches as required to best suit the process to actual physical design. In addition, the piping specification defines the fabrication, examination, testing, inspection, and installation requirements, including the requirements for seismic installations, where applicable. They include overall dimensions and the pipe size, wall thickness, flange pressure rating, and locating dimensions of all pipe nozzles and other connections. From this point on they are revised and updated as part of the normal process of design development. Equipment should be arranged with the piping layout in mind. Equipment locations and relational arrangements should be evaluated during the piping layout design process. Adjustments and occasionally major changes to equipment arrangement are required to solve major piping arrangement problems. Piping system design is dependent on the input from numerous reference sources prior to the start of piping design. Photogrametry (photographs that are input into three- dimensional CADD models) and laser mapping (laser scanning using a time of flight laser connected to a computer that translates the scanned points to a three- dimensional CADD model) are applications that enable the designer to collect existing conditions which can be imported into the designer’s. CADDfiles. Total Station Surveying is the computerized surveying system which engineering should request for the collection of survey data points with the electronic transfer of information being able to be translated directly into the CADD environment. Space conservation and a symmetric piping arrangement are achieved when all the systems are evaluated in the preliminary stages of design. This study will become the final design. It is important to consider the cost of the piping material at this time for the expensive lines. These lines should be kept as short as possible, while maintaining proper piping flexibility even if this requires changing the equipment arrangement. Expending engineering work hours on details that are subject to change pending the completion of the planning study is not recommended. This statement, however, is an oversimplification of the process, since many other factors must be considered, such as interference, piping flexibility, material costs, pipe supports, operation and maintenance, and safety and construction requirements. Perhaps the equipment was arranged while planning on a side suction and discharge. If bending is to be used, the designer should consider special requirements imposed by the process (i. For engineering firms using 2. D CADD (two- dimensional computer- aided design and drafting) or manual drafting and design, the search for interferences is very tedious and time- consuming since the designer must mentally and visually look for interferences between the systems currently being designed and previously designed or the existing system or facilities, not to mention those systems or facilities in design concurrently. This process is extremely complex at best. Traditionally, this has been accomplished by the use of area composite drawings and plastic scale models. Once the designer is satisfied that the current system layout is interference- free, it will be added to the area composite drawing and the plastic model. Specifically, three- dimensional (3. D) computer modeling can provide an efficient, accurate, and cost- effective alternative to the traditional manual methods for interference detection. This and other CAD applications for piping layout are addressed in the section . The function of piping flexibility or stress analysis has, for the most part, been delegated to the computer particularly in the case of high temperature, high- pressure piping systems. The piping stress analyst translates and enters the piping design data into the computer, reviews the output data, and if the system is too rigid, may suggest appropriate corrective redesigns. However, it is the piping designer’s responsibility to ensure that the final stress analysis results are incorporated into the final pipe support and pipe routing design. In the past, a computer stress analysis, including the development of input data and the interpretation of the output, could be expensive and time- consuming if numerous iterations of computer runs were needed to arrive at an acceptable system design. The experienced piping designer, with the knowledge and capability of FIGURE: Area piping composite. FIGURE B3. 2 (Continued) Area piping composite. FIGURE: A 3. D CAD model used for interferences, equipment layout, and pipe routing. Today, this is much less of a problem with the advent of the personal computer and many computer programs for calculating stresses in piping systems due to thermal expansion and other static and dynamic loads. However, the piping designer must integrate piping flexibility considerations into the piping layout. This type of arrangement should be subjected to a . A preferred solution in this case may be a series of two or more L- shaped runs of pipe. This arrangement should also be subjected to a quick- check analysis. B3. 4 through B3. The following general guidelines should be applied when locating valves in any piping system. Large motor- operated valves should be installed in the vertical upright position where possible to facilitate support and maintenance. Only infrequently operated valves should be located above this elevation, and then the designer should consider the use of a chain operator or a platform for access. This can result in malfunction of the valve and in waterhammer, and this can cause the valves to literally self- destruct. What follows are some specific recommendations and methods of avoiding these problems for some specific types of valves. Where applicable, this straight pipe will include the usual reduction in pipe size required to match the control valve size. Space must be provided for flange stud bolt removal where control valve bodies are designed for throughbolt installation. When a butterfly valve is preceded by an elbow and this straight- pipe requirement cannot be met, the valve stem must be oriented in the same plane as the elbow. That is, if the elbow is in the vertical plane, the valve stem must also be in the vertical plane. This recommendation is based on the fact that the velocity profile of the discharge of an elbow is not symmetric. The result can be fluid dynamic torque that is twice the magnitude of that found for a valve with a straight run of pipe upstream. The resultant eccentric forces applied to valve disk produces excessive vibration and disk flutter which eventually may completely destroy the valve. However, the velocity and the rate of flow must be adequate to move the valve disk away from the seat and to maintain the valve in the open position, as required. Therefore the designer should provide upstream straight pipe in accordance with the valve manufacturer’s recommendations. However, where this information is not available, the preliminary design should include a minimum of five diameters of straight pipe upstream of all check valves. In addition, the designer should be aware that this requirement can be as much as 1. The designer should adhere to the valve manufacturer’s recommendations and the following guidelines; however, these guidelines relate to the power industry and may be used elsewhere, as applicable.
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